ABSTRACT
Objective To study the load distribution of muscles for those having long period stance training during traditional chinese Gongfu stance, and evaluate the effectiveness of such stance. Method Seven traditional Chinese Gongfu stance trainers and seven normal adults for the control were enrolled in the experiment. The sEMG (surface electromyography) signals of five muscles (brachioradialis, triceps brachii, deltoid, latissimus dorsi, triceps surae) were tested by Flexcomp Infiniti 10 channel sEMG collector. The value of IEMG (integral electromyography) were processed. Results With the increase of load, the ratio between deltoid IEMG and latissimus dorsi IEMG for the stance trained group stabilized in the range from (0.372±0.258) to (0.257±0.146), while that of the control was in the range from (1.313±0.698) to (0.800±0.405). Conclusions When the traditional Chinese Gongfu stance is processed with or without load, the trained group distributed major load on the dorsal muscle, while the control on the shoulder.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>A satisfied glaucoma model is absent now. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a combination of intracameral injection of silicone oil and electrocoagulation of corneal limbal vessels and episcleral veins in the rats to establish glaucoma model.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Operation was performed in each of the left eyes of 90 adult male rats. Right eyes were used as controls. Measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP) was performed with an applanation tonometer (Tono-Pen). Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) were retrogradely labeled by applying FluoroGold onto the bilateral superior colliculus.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>During the follow-up (24 weeks), the IOP of the study eyes was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than the control eyes (at final examination, IOP of control eyes was (13.4 ± 1.0) mmHg and IOP of study eyes was (16.1 ± 1.8) mmHg). Correspondingly, at 24 weeks after operation, the RGCs density of the study eyes (2286.11 ± 290.45/mm(2)) was significantly lower than the control eyes (2626.46 ± 164.85/mm(2), P < 0.01). In the operated eyes, histological examination showed excavation of optic disc and increased neuroglial cells in the optic nerve, reduced thickness of retina and diminution of retinal ganglion cells, and atrophy of ciliary body and iris. Notably, the anterior chamber angle of the operated eye remained open.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>A combination of intracameral injection of silicone oil and electrocoagulation of corneal limbal vessels and episcleral veins may establish a reliable glaucoma model for further research.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Disease Models, Animal , Electrocoagulation , Methods , Glaucoma , Limbus Corneae , Rats, Wistar , Silicone Oils , ToxicityABSTRACT
Objective To explore the effect of elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) on retina's function of rat. Method Chronic glaucoma rat models were built and IOP were measured persistently. Flash electroretinogram (F ERG) and histological status were measured before and after surgery. ResultsThe maximal IOP in rats without anesthesia is (3.07±1.10) kPa in 1 day after surgery. From 1 w to 6 w after surgery, the model eye IOPs are （2.84±0.90） kPa，（2.86±0.54） kPa，（2.76±0.52） kPa，（2.70±0.51） kPa，（2.39±0.27） kPa and（2.09±0.39） kPa, respectively, which are significant higher than that of the fellow eye. A series of main parameters including the amplitudes of a wave, b wave and oscillatory potentials(OPs) all dramatically decreased in model eyes at 6 weeks and 3 weeks postoperatively . No obvious changes were observed by routine HE staining among the eyes before and after surgery. Conclusions The chronic high intraocular pressure could induce the retinal dysfunction before any morphological change occurred, and what's more, the damage showed itself a progressive one.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effects of gender and body mass index(BMI) on dynamic plantar pressure among children by comparing the plantar pressure parameters of obese boys and girls, as well as normal boys and girls when walking at preferred speed on flat ground and reviewing the relativity of children’s BMI and these parameters. Method 79 children were enrolled in this research to make gait test when walking naturally, using a 0.5m footscan plate system (RSscan International, Belgium). The results were statistically processed and analyzed by SPSS16.0. Results(1) There is no significant difference in mostly dynamic plantar pressure parameters between genders for both obese and normal children; (2) There is significant difference in the impulse percentage in mid foot and ground, and appearing time of pressure peak values of several areas including M5, MF and HL for normal children; (3) There is no significant correlation between BMI and foot support duration, impulse percentage between mid foot and ground, pressure peak value of T2 5, appearing time of pressure peak value of HM and HL; (4) BMI and the other plantar pressure distribution indicators are well correlated. Conclusions(1) There is no significant difference on dynamic plantar pressure distribution between genders for obese children, but there are effects of genders on partial dynamic plantar pressure distribution parameters for normal children; (2) Children with larger BMI are of worse walking stability and lower efficiency; (3) Children with larger BMI tend to feel fatigue in walking and get injured in ankle joints and other parts of the body more easily.